(422–431), Sixtus III: (431–440), Leo I: (440–461), by Vigilius of Thapsus, and in the Sacramentarium Gelasianum.1 The belief in the Apostolic origin of the creed must therefore be regarded as originating in the Roman Church. Finally, it may be added that Augustine must also be claimed as a witness for this shorter Roman symbol. Although he was first a presbyter and then a bishop in a provincial church, in which the recognised and official symbol was one which varied considerably from the Roman,